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| AWS Classification Matrix |
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| AWS A 5.1-1991 |
Carbon Steel Covered Electrodes ---------------------------------(SMAW) |
| AWS A5.4-1992 |
Stainless Steel Coated Electrodes ----------------------------------(SMAW) |
| AWS A5.18 |
Mild Steel Solid Wires (GMAW, GTAW, PAW) |
| AWS A5.28 |
Low Alloy Solid Wires (GMAW, GTAW) |
| AWS A5.22-1995 |
Stainless Steel Flux-cored Wires (FCAW, GTAW) |
| AWS A5.5 |
Low Alloy Covered Electrodes (SMAW) |
| AWS A5.20-1993 |
Mild Steel Flux-cored Wires (FCAW) |
| AWS A5.18 Metal-cored Wire |
Metal-cored Wires (GMAW) |
| AWS A 5.17 |
Carbon Steel Electrodes and Fluxes (SAW) |
| AWS A 5.23 |
Low Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes (SAW) |
| AWS A 5.29 |
Low Alloy Flux-cored Wires (FCAW) |
| AWS A 5.9 |
Stainless Steel Solid Wires ----------------------(GMAW, GTAW) |
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| Mild Steel Coated Electrodes |
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| Position |
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| 1 |
Flat, Horizontal, Vertical, Overhead |
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| 2 |
Flat and Horizontal only |
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| 4 |
Flat, Horizontal, Vertical Down, Overhead |
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Types of coating and current
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| Digit |
Type of Coating |
Welding Current |
| 0 |
cellulose sodium |
DC(+) |
| 1 |
cellulose potassium |
AC, DC(+) |
| 2 |
titania sodium |
AC, DC(-) |
| 3 |
tiatania potassium |
AC, DC(+), DC(-) |
| 4 |
iron powder titania |
AC, DC(+), DC(-) |
| 5 |
low hydrogen sodium |
DC(+) |
| 6 |
low hydrogen potassium |
AC, DC(+) |
| 7 |
iron powder iron oxide |
AC, DC(+), DC(-) |
| 8 |
iron powder low hydrogen |
AC, DC(-) |
| E6020 |
iron oxide sodium |
AC, DC(+), DC(-) |
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| Stainless Steel Coated Electrodes |
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Additional Requirements
| Suffix |
Changes made or additional Requirements |
| L |
Has a lower carbon content. |
| H |
Limited to upper range on the carbon content. |
| Mo |
Molybdenum - pitting resistance, creep strength, ferrite increase. |
| Nb |
Niobium added- prevents corrosion just outside of the weld bead. |
| Ni |
Nickel added- high temperature strength, corrosion resistance, added toughness |
| LR |
Low Residuals- lower range for C, Si, P, S,- narrower range: Cb and Mn. |
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Dash No.
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Out of
position
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Bead
ripple
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Slag
removal
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Spatter
level
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Transfer
type
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Operating
current
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Bead
profile
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| -x5 |
1(5/32') |
3 |
3 |
3 |
Globular |
DC(+) |
Convex |
| -x6 |
2(5/32') |
2 |
2 |
2 |
Globular |
AC/ DC(+) |
Flat |
| -x7 |
3(3/16') |
1 |
1 |
1 |
Spray |
AC/ DC(+) |
Concave |
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| Mild Steel Solid Wires |
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| GMAW SHIELDING GASES |
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Type
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Shielding gas / Advantage
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Spray Transfer
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95-98% Ar / 2-5% O2 - |
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Improve arc stabilities; produces a more fluid and controllable puddle; |
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good coalescence and bead contour; minimizes undercutting; permits |
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higher speed than pure Argon. |
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90% Ar / 8-10% CO2 - |
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High-speed mechanized welding; low-cost manual welding; pulsed welding. |
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Type
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Shielding gas / Advantage
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Short Circuiting Transfer
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CO2 - |
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Broad penetration; reduces chances of porosity. |
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75% Ar / 25% CO2 - |
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High welding speeds without burn-through; minimum distortion & spatter |
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Ar / 5-10% CO2 - |
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Deeper penetration; faster welding speeds. |
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| Electrode |
Shielding gas |
Polarity |
CVN Toughness |
Wire chemical composition |
| C |
Mn |
Si |
Ti |
Zr |
Al |
| ER70S-2 |
CO2 |
DCEP |
27J @-29℃ / (20ft-lbf @ -20℉) |
0.07 |
0.90-1.40 |
0.40-0.70 |
0.05-0.15 |
0.02-0.12 |
0.05-0.09 |
| ER70S-3 |
CO2 |
DCEP |
27J @-18℃ / (20ft-lbf @ 0℉) |
0.06-0.15 |
0.9-1.40 |
0.45-0.70 |
- |
- |
- |
| ER70S-4 |
CO2 |
DCEP |
not required |
0.07-0.15 |
1.00-1.50 |
0.65-0.85 |
- |
- |
- |
| ER70S-5 |
CO2 |
DCEP |
not required |
0.07-0.19 |
0.90-1.40 |
0.30-0.60 |
- |
- |
0.05-0.09 |
| ER70S-6 |
CO2 |
DCEP |
27J @-29℃ / (20ft-lbf @ -20℉) |
0.07-0.15 |
1.40-1.85 |
0.80-1.15 |
- |
- |
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| ER70S-7 |
CO2 |
DCEP |
27J @-29℃ / (20ft-lbf @ -20℉) |
0.07-0.15 |
1.50-2.00 |
0.50-0.80 |
- |
- |
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| ER70S-G |
as agreed |
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as agreed
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No requirements |
| E70C-3C |
CO2 |
DCEP |
27J @-18℃ / (20ft-lbf @ 0℉) |
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| E70C-3M |
75-80%Ar, bal. CO2 |
DCEP |
27J @-18℃ / (20ft-lbf @ 0℉) |
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| E70C-6C |
CO2 |
DCEP |
27J @-29℃ / (20ft-lbf @ -20℉) |
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| E70C-6M |
75-80%Ar, bal. CO2 |
DCEP |
27J @-29℃ / (20ft-lbf @ -20℉) |
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| E70C-G(X) |
as agreed |
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| Mild Steel Flux-cored (Tubular) Wires |
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POSITION, SHIELDING, POLARITY, APPLICATION REQUIREMENT
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| AWS |
position |
shielding |
current |
App. |
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AWS |
position |
shielding |
current |
App. |
| E70T-1 |
H, F |
CO2 |
DC(+) |
M |
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E70T-9 |
H, F |
CO2 |
DC(+) |
M |
| E70T-1M |
H, F |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
M |
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E70T-9M |
H, F |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
M |
| E71T-1 |
H,F,VU.OH |
CO2 |
DC(+) |
M |
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E71T-9 |
H,F,VU.OH |
CO2 |
DC(+) |
M |
| E71T-1M |
H,F,VU.OH |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
M |
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E71T-9M |
H,F,VU.OH |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
M |
| E70T-2 |
H, F |
CO2 |
DC(+) |
S |
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E70T-10 |
H, F |
Mix Gas* |
DC(-) |
S |
| E70T-2M |
H, F |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
S |
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E70T-11 |
H, F |
Mix Gas* |
DC(-) |
M |
| E71T-2 |
H,F,VU.OH |
CO2 |
DC(+) |
S |
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E71T-11 |
H,F,VD.OH |
Mix Gas* |
DC(-) |
M |
| E71T-2M |
H,F,VU.OH |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
S |
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E70T-12 |
H, F |
CO2 |
DC(+) |
M |
| E70T-3 |
H, F |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
S |
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E70T-12M |
H, F |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
M |
| E70T-4 |
H, F |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
M |
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E71T-12 |
H,F,VU.OH |
CO2 |
DC(+) |
M |
| E70T-5 |
H, F |
C02 |
DC(+) |
M |
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E71T-12M |
H,F,VU.OH |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
M |
| E70T-5M |
H, F |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+) |
M |
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E61T-13 |
H,F,VD.OH |
NONE |
DC(-) |
S |
| E71T-5 |
H,F,VU.OH |
CO2 |
DC(+,-) |
M |
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E71T-13 |
H,F,VD.OH |
NONE |
DC(-) |
S |
| E71T-5M |
H,F,VU.OH |
Mix Gas* |
DC(+,-) |
M |
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E71T-14 |
H,F,VD.OH |
NONE |
DC(-) |
S |
| E70T-6 |
H, F |
NONE |
DC(+) |
M |
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EX0T-G |
H, F |
Not specified |
M |
| E70T-7 |
H, F |
NONE |
DC(-) |
M |
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EX1T-G |
ALL |
Not specified |
M |
| E71T-7 |
H,F,VU.OH |
NONE |
DC(-) |
M |
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EX0T-GS |
H, F |
Not specified |
S |
| E70T-8 |
H, F |
NONE |
DC(-) |
M |
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EX1T-GS |
ALL |
Not specified |
S |
| E71T-8 |
H,F,VU.OH |
NONE |
DC(-) |
M |
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| * Mix Gas means 75-80% Ar + bal CO2 |
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